Beyond Matrix: Exploring Self-Hosted E2EE Group Chat Alternatives
When seeking alternatives to Matrix for self-hosted end-to-end encrypted (E2EE) group chat, a range of robust and privacy-focused solutions are available.
Decentralized and Open Source Chat Platforms
Several platforms stand out for their ability to provide secure, private communications that users can host on their own infrastructure:
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Jami: This fully distributed, peer-to-peer messaging application is an excellent choice for those prioritizing decentralization. Jami handles E2EE natively, eliminating the need for central servers to relay messages, which enhances privacy and control.
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Jitsi: While widely recognized for its high-quality video conferencing capabilities, Jitsi also provides secure chat functionality with end-to-end encryption. For organizations or groups needing both video and text communication on a self-hosted platform, Jitsi presents a comprehensive solution.
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Jabber/XMPP: As an established, open, and extensible instant messaging protocol, XMPP remains a powerful option for self-hosted E2EE chat. With the right server setup and client applications supporting extensions like OMEMO or OTR (Off-the-Record Messaging), XMPP offers flexible and secure group communication. Its open standard nature allows for a high degree of customization and interoperability.
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Delta Chat: Taking a unique approach, Delta Chat utilizes the existing email infrastructure as its transport layer. Messages are sent as E2EE emails, meaning if you self-host your email server, you effectively self-host your Delta Chat service. This method combines the ubiquity of email with strong cryptographic guarantees, making it an intriguing option for privacy-conscious users.
The Nuance of Self-Hosting Signal
Signal, often praised for its strong E2EE, presents a more complex scenario for self-hosting. While an official Signal-Server GitHub repository exists, deploying a custom Signal server typically necessitates rebuilding the official client applications to point to the alternative server. This technical hurdle means it's not a straightforward plug-and-play solution for most users looking to self-host.
Other Considerations
A project called Qrypt.chat was also noted as being under development, aiming to provide a new option in the E2EE chat space. Additionally, Bitchat was mentioned as a non-self-hosted, but E2EE, option, catering to users who prioritize encryption but not necessarily infrastructure control.
Choosing the right self-hosted E2EE group chat solution depends on various factors, including technical comfort, specific features required (e.g., video conferencing), and the desire for full decentralization or reliance on existing protocols like email.